“兩步走”接種方案

a two-step vaccination drive

國務院聯防聯控機制12月19日的新聞發(fā)布會表示，在冬春季節(jié)到來之際，對部分重點人群開展新冠病毒疫苗接種工作，后續(xù)爭取做到高風險人群“應接盡接”。

國家衛(wèi)生健康委疾控局負責人崔鋼介紹，我國目前接種的策略是按照“兩步走”方案，第一步主要是針對部分重點人群開展接種，這些人群包括從事進口冷鏈、口岸檢疫、船舶引航、航空空勤、生鮮市場、公共交通、醫(yī)療疾控等感染風險比較高的工作人員，以及前往中高風險國家或者地區(qū)去工作或者學習的人員。

In a two-step vaccination drive, the COVID-19 vaccines will be given first to priority groups, including those engaged in handling imported cold-chain products and people working in exposed sectors such as port inspection and quarantine, ship pilotage, aviation, fresh market, public transport, medical treatment, and disease control, Cui Gang, an official with NHCs disease control department, said at a press conference.The vaccination program will also cover those who plan to work or study in countries and regions with medium or high risks of exposure to the virus, Cui added.

第二步，隨著疫苗正式批準上市，疫苗產量逐步提高，將會有更多的疫苗投入使用。符合條件的群眾都能實現“應接盡接”。

Next, with COVID-19 vaccines officially approved to enter the market or the yield of vaccines improving steadily, China will put more vaccines into use, inoculating the eligible population as widely as possible, Cui said.

我國疫苗研發(fā)處于全球第一方陣

疫情發(fā)生以后，我國布局了五條技術路線，推進疫苗研發(fā)。目前，按照世界衛(wèi)生組織統(tǒng)計，我國進入臨床試驗的疫苗和進入三期臨床的疫苗，都處于全球第一方陣。

7月以來，在高風險暴露人群自愿、知情、同意的前提下，我國已經累計完成100多萬劑次緊急接種疫苗工作。

More than one million doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been distributed for emergency inoculation use since July. The emergency vaccinations were given to people with high exposure risks on the premise of voluntary, informed consent.

經過嚴格的不良反應監(jiān)測和追蹤觀察，沒有出現嚴重的不良反應。

After strict monitoring and observation, no serious adverse reactions took place.

目前，我國進展比較快的疫苗已經獲得了三期臨床試驗中期需要的病例數，近期已經在向國家藥監(jiān)局提供相關材料。

如果數據達到相應標準，國家藥監(jiān)部門將會批準附條件上市或者上市，我國的疫苗將會更快地普及，更快地提高產量，我國已做好大規(guī)模生產的準備。

If the vaccines (performance) statistics reach the required standards, the medical products administration will approve it for the market, and then our vaccine will be produced and rolled out more quickly, because we have already prepared for mass production.

新冠疫苗有效期多長？

國家衛(wèi)生健康委副主任曾益新表示：

我國新冠疫苗保護期能不能像很多病毒性疫苗一樣，能夠終身免疫，或者至少保護五年十年，還不能下這個結論。

It is too early to conclude whether the Chinese vaccines can offer lifelong immunity or protection for five to 10 years like many other viral vaccines.

當前證據顯示，疫苗保護期，按世衛(wèi)組織的規(guī)定要求的半年以上，基本上沒有太多的疑問。

"However, there is little doubt that Chinese COVID-19 vaccines can offer protection for at least six months based on existing evidence," he said, adding that this standard is on par with the requirement by the World Health Organization.

流感疫苗每年打一次，是因為流感病毒變異特別快，每年不同的亞型在流行。新冠疫苗不存在半年或者一年要重新再接種一次，比較樂觀的估計，可能性不大。

Optimistically speaking, it would be unlikely for the public to need to routinely take COVID-19 vaccines once every six months to one year, like flu shots, because the flu virus mutates very quickly and there may be a different strain every year causing an outbreak.

雖然我們相信新冠疫苗是安全有效的，但是大家要繼續(xù)維持個人衛(wèi)生和防護措施，包括戴口罩、勤洗手、保證社交距離等這些好習慣。

"Although we believe the COVID-19 vaccine is safe and effective, we advise the public to maintain personal hygiene and protection, including wearing masks, washing hands and practicing social distancing," he said.

目前為止還沒有任何一個疫苗說保護率達到百分之百的。特別是在當前群體免疫還沒有建立起來的情況下，即使打了疫苗，防護措施仍然不能減。

This is because no vaccine can guarantee 100 percent protection, and people should not lower their guard, especially not before herd immunity has been established, he added.

疫苗去哪打？

國家衛(wèi)生健康委疾控局負責人崔鋼表示：

通常情況下，接種單位都是設在轄區(qū)的衛(wèi)生服務中心、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院或者綜合醫(yī)院，已經要求各地及時公布接種服務信息。

Usually, the vaccination units are located in health service centers, township clinicss or general hospitals, local governments have been requested to publish information on vaccination services in a timely manner.

其他暫時沒有接種的群眾也不用擔心。做好個人防護，在公共場所戴好口罩、保持社交距離、勤洗手等，這些措施都被證明非常有效。

Others who have not been vaccinated for the time being need not worry. Wearing masks in public places, practicing social distance and washing hands are protective measures that have been proven to be very effective.

監(jiān)制/任帥

主編/黎晶

編輯/謝凌弘一(實習)

來源/中國日報雙語新聞

校對/湯雅雯