霜降是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)二十四節(jié)氣（the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms）中的第十八個(gè)節(jié)氣，英文表達(dá)為Frosts Descent。霜降期間，氣候由涼向寒過(guò)渡，所以霜降的來(lái)臨意味著“寒秋”的開(kāi)始。

霜降是秋季的最后一個(gè)節(jié)氣，在此期間，天氣相較之前會(huì)冷得多，寒霜開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)了。

Frosts Descent is the last solar term of autumn, during which time the weather becomes much colder than before and frost begins to appear.

地面上的水汽遇冷凝結(jié)成白色冰晶，這就是所說(shuō)的“霜”（frost）。這段時(shí)間里，植物慢慢失去生機(jī)，大地變得蕭條，所以民間有“霜降殺百草”的說(shuō)法。

霜降時(shí)節(jié)，冰霜開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)了。但在黃河下游地區(qū)，初霜會(huì)在十月末或十一月初出現(xiàn)。隨著霜降的來(lái)臨，整個(gè)世界都充滿了晚秋的氣息。

During Frosts Descent, frost begins to appear. But in the lower reaches of the Yellow River region, frost first appears in late October or early November. As Frosts Descent comes, the world is filled with the atmosphere of late autumn.

受霜凍天氣影響，一些成熟的水果變得格外美味。霜降期間具體有些什么好吃的和有趣的活動(dòng)呢？一起來(lái)看看吧。

柿子正熟

霜降正是柿子成熟的時(shí)節(jié)。柿子營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富，具有清熱潤(rùn)肺、防寒的功效。因此民間也有不少俗語(yǔ)來(lái)描繪吃柿子的好處，如“霜降吃柿子，不會(huì)流鼻涕”等。

霜降時(shí)吃柿子能幫助人們御寒和保護(hù)骨骼。在鄉(xiāng)下，人們認(rèn)為，如果霜降期間不吃柿子，嘴唇會(huì)干裂。

The dew is bigger and colder and there will be less rain. Autumn crops will be ripe.

蘋(píng)果脆甜

霜降后的蘋(píng)果糖度高，果肉也會(huì)變得更脆。在享受美味的同時(shí)，蘋(píng)果具有的潤(rùn)肺、止咳、促消化的功能，也能幫助人們?cè)谇锛驹鰪?qiáng)體質(zhì)。

中國(guó)有很多表達(dá)蘋(píng)果益處的俗語(yǔ)，如“飯后一個(gè)果，老來(lái)賽小伙?！闭缥鞣街V語(yǔ)所說(shuō)：“飯后一個(gè)果，醫(yī)生不找我。”

There are many Chinese sayings about apples benefits, such as "Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men," just as the Western proverb goes, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away."

梨熟壓枝

梨子皮薄肉脆，清甜多汁，咬一口汁水四溢，像一股甘泉涌進(jìn)了肺腑。所以小時(shí)咳嗽時(shí)，總會(huì)被大人叮囑：“多吃點(diǎn)梨子呀，止咳的?！?/p>

霜降期的另一種推薦水果是梨子。吃梨可促進(jìn)體液分泌（利尿），清熱化痰。

The pear is another recommended fruit during Frosts Descent, which can promote the secretion of body liquids, clear away heat and reduce sputum.

吃鴨

鴨肉性寒，味甘，具有滋陰補(bǔ)虛、清熱潤(rùn)燥的效果。講究秋季進(jìn)補(bǔ)的福建省南部，有霜降當(dāng)天吃鴨子的習(xí)俗。

在福建有句俗語(yǔ)：“一年補(bǔ)透透，不如補(bǔ)霜降?！背曾喿訉?duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝藖?lái)說(shuō)是一種“貼秋膘”的方式。

There is a saying in Fujian which goes, “Even nourishing all year is not as good as nourishing the human body on the day of Frosts Descent.” Eating duck is a way for people there to gain weight.

秋栗香

栗子以其獨(dú)特的鮮甜口感和豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)，享有“千果之王”美譽(yù)。糖炒栗子在北方素有“灌香糖”的稱號(hào)，質(zhì)量上乘的糖炒板栗更是講究一個(gè)“中實(shí)充滿，殼極柔脆，手微剝之，殼肉易離而皮膜不粘”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

霜降時(shí)吃板栗，有益于身體健康。板栗性暖、味甘，對(duì)滋養(yǎng)脾胃、活血、止咳化痰有很好的功效。

Eating chestnuts during Frosts Descent is beneficial for ones health. Chestnuts have a warm nature and sweet flavor, and are good for nourishing the spleen and stomach, invigorating the circulation of blood, relieving coughs and reducing sputum.

吃棗

棗富含維生素，有助于補(bǔ)血降壓，增強(qiáng)免疫力。霜降時(shí)節(jié)正值新鮮的棗上市，此時(shí)須注意，不當(dāng)?shù)氖秤梅绞綍?huì)對(duì)人體造成危害。

食用過(guò)量的棗對(duì)身體不好。腐爛的棗會(huì)導(dǎo)致頭痛、頭昏，甚至使人陷入生命危險(xiǎn)。

Eating too many Chinese dates could be harmful. Rotten dates can cause headaches and dizziness or even put peoples lives in danger.

壯族霜降節(jié)

晚稻收割結(jié)束之后的霜降期間，勞作了一年的壯族鄉(xiāng)民們，用新糯米做成“糍那”、“迎霜粽”，招待親朋好友。人們也趁農(nóng)閑的機(jī)會(huì)交朋結(jié)友、走親串戚、對(duì)歌看戲。2014年，“壯族霜降節(jié)”被列入第四批國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)（Intangible Cultural Heritage）代表性項(xiàng)目名錄。

▲ 2019年，廣西崇左市天等縣霜降節(jié)開(kāi)幕式上，演員進(jìn)行打榔舞表演 圖片來(lái)源：廣西新聞網(wǎng)

霜降節(jié)儀式上，壯族人會(huì)獻(xiàn)上貢品，唱起民歌，翩翩起舞。

In the Frosts Descent Festival, the Zhuang people offer sacrifices, dance and sing folk songs.

霜降期間，大家要為“冬藏”做準(zhǔn)備啦

多喝溫水，不要熬夜

“秋膘”貼起來(lái)

監(jiān)制/任帥

主編/黎晶

編輯/丁維理（實(shí)習(xí)）

視頻/盧珊珊

校對(duì)/湯雅雯

來(lái)源/中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)雙語(yǔ)新聞