中國共產黨第十九屆中央委員會第五次全體會議，于2020年10月26日至29日在北京舉行。

▲中國共產黨第十九屆中央委員會第五次全體會議，于2020年10月26日至29日在北京舉行。

全會聽取和討論了習近平受中央政治局委托作的工作報告，審議通過了《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發(fā)展第十四個五年規(guī)劃和二〇三五年遠景目標的建議》（proposals for formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035）。

以下為公報雙語要點：

▌“十三五”規(guī)劃目標任務即將完成，決勝全面建成小康社會取得決定性成就

全會充分肯定黨的十九屆四中全會以來中央政治局的工作。經濟增長好于預期，人民生活得到有力保障，社會大局保持穩(wěn)定。

The work of the Political Bureau was fully acknowledged, says the communique, adding that China has seen its economic growth beat expectations, peoples living standards ensured, and the overall situation of society maintained stable over the past year.

“十三五”時期，全面深化改革取得重大突破，全面依法治國取得重大進展，全面從嚴治黨取得重大成果，國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化加快推進，中國共產黨領導和我國社會主義制度優(yōu)勢進一步彰顯；經濟實力、科技實力、綜合國力躍上新的大臺階，經濟運行總體平穩(wěn)，經濟結構持續(xù)優(yōu)化：

預計二〇二〇年國內生產總值突破一百萬億元；

Chinas gross domestic product expected to exceed 100 trillion yuan ($14.9 trillion) in 2020

五千五百七十五萬農村貧困人口實現(xiàn)脫貧；

55.75 million rural residents lifted out of poverty

城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)超過六千萬人；

More than 60 million new urban jobs created

糧食年產量連續(xù)五年穩(wěn)定在一萬三千億斤以上；

Annual grain output remained above 650 million metric tons for five consecutive years

基本醫(yī)療保險覆蓋超過十三億人

Basic medical insurance covers over 1.3 billion people

基本養(yǎng)老保險覆蓋近十億人

Basic old-age insurance covers nearly 1 billion people

全會認為，當前和今后一個時期，我國發(fā)展仍然處于重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期，但機遇和挑戰(zhàn)都有新的發(fā)展變化。

The communique says China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development at present and for the foreseeable future, but there are new developments in both opportunities and challenges.

▌2035年遠景目標

全會提出了到二〇三五年基本實現(xiàn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化遠景目標。

The session raised a set of long-range objectives for China to basically achieve socialist modernization by 2035.

我國經濟實力、科技實力、綜合國力將大幅躍升，經濟總量和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入將再邁上新的大臺階，關鍵核心技術實現(xiàn)重大突破，進入創(chuàng)新型國家前列；

Chinas economic and technological strength, and composite national strength will increase significantly. A new stride will be made in the growth of the economy and the per capita income of urban and rural residents. Making major breakthroughs in core technologies in key areas, China will become a global leader in innovation;

基本實現(xiàn)新型工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、農業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，建成現(xiàn)代化經濟體系；

New industrialization, IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization will be basically achieved. China will finish building a modernized economy;

基本實現(xiàn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化，人民平等參與、平等發(fā)展權利得到充分保障，基本建成法治國家、法治政府、法治社會；

The modernization of Chinas system and capacity for governance will be basically achieved. The peoples rights to participate and to develop as equals will be adequately protected. The rule of law for the country, the government, and society will be basically in place;

建成文化強國、教育強國、人才強國、體育強國、健康中國，國民素質和社會文明程度達到新高度，國家文化軟實力顯著增強；

China will become a strong country in culture, education, talent, sports and health. The well-rounded development of all people and social etiquette and civility will be significantly enhanced. Chinas cultural soft power will grow much stronger;

廣泛形成綠色生產生活方式，碳排放達峰后穩(wěn)中有降，生態(tài)環(huán)境根本好轉，美麗中國建設目標基本實現(xiàn)；

Eco-friendly ways of work and life will be advanced to cover all areas of society. Carbon emission will steadily decline after reaching a peak, and there will be a fundamental improvement in the environment with the goal of building a Beautiful China basically reached;

形成對外開放新格局，參與國際經濟合作和競爭新優(yōu)勢明顯增強；

The opening-up will reach a new stage with substantial growth of the countrys strengths for participating in international economic cooperation and competition;

人均國內生產總值達到中等發(fā)達國家水平，中等收入群體顯著擴大，基本公共服務實現(xiàn)均等化，城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展差距和居民生活水平差距顯著縮小；

The per capita GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries. The size of the middle-income group will be significantly expanded. Equitable access to basic public services will be ensured. Disparities in urban-rural development, in development between regions, and in living standards will be significantly reduced;

平安中國建設達到更高水平，基本實現(xiàn)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化；

The implementation of the Peaceful China initiative will be promoted to a higher level. The modernization of national defense and the military will be basically achieved;

人民生活更加美好，人的全面發(fā)展、全體人民共同富裕取得更為明顯的實質性進展。

People will lead a better life, and more notable and substantial progress will be achieved in promoting well-rounded human development and achieving common prosperity for everyone.

▌“十四五”經濟社會發(fā)展主要目標

全會提出了“十四五”時期經濟社會發(fā)展指導思想和必須遵循的原則，以及經濟社會發(fā)展主要目標。

The session also laid down a set of guiding principles to be followed, and major economic and social development targets for the next five years.

“十四五”時期，加快構建以國內大循環(huán)為主體、國內國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局。

For the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China will speed up fostering a new development pattern where domestic and foreign markets can boost each other, with the domestic market as the mainstay, the communique says.

經濟發(fā)展取得新成效，在質量效益明顯提升的基礎上實現(xiàn)經濟持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。

China will strive to make new strides in economic development during the period. It aims to realize sustained and healthy economic development on the basis of a marked improvement in quality and efficiency.

改革開放邁出新步伐，社會主義市場經濟體制更加完善，高標準市場體系基本建成。

With new steps to be taken in reform and opening up, China will further improve its socialist market economy and basically complete the building of a high-standard market system.

社會文明程度得到新提高，社會主義核心價值觀深入人心。生態(tài)文明建設實現(xiàn)新進步，民生福祉達到新水平，國家治理效能得到新提升。

Chinas social etiquette and civility shall be further enhanced, while the core socialist values shall be embraced by the people. The country aims to make new progress in building an ecological civilization, boost the well-being of people, and enhance governance capacity.

▌全會提出12項重要舉措：

堅持創(chuàng)新在我國現(xiàn)代化建設全局中的核心地位，深入實施創(chuàng)新驅動發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略;

Uphold the central role of innovation in the modernization drive and implementing the innovation-driven development strategy.

堅持把發(fā)展經濟著力點放在實體經濟上，堅定不移建設制造強國、質量強國、網(wǎng)絡強國、數(shù)字中國;

Continue to take the real economy as the focus of its economic development, unswervingly build itself into a manufacturer of quality and enhance its strength in cyberspace and digital technology.

形成強大國內市場，構建新發(fā)展格局；

Nurture a strong domestic market and establish a new development pattern,

全面深化改革，構建高水平社會主義市場經濟體制；

Comprehensively deepen reform in pursuit of a high-level socialist market economy,

優(yōu)先發(fā)展農業(yè)農村，全面推進鄉(xiāng)村振興；

Prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas, fully advance rural vitalization,

推進區(qū)域協(xié)調發(fā)展和新型城鎮(zhèn)化；

Push forward coordinated regional development and a new type of urbanization, among others.

提高國家文化軟實力；

Promote the countrys cultural soft power,

推動綠色發(fā)展；

Advance green development,

實行高水平對外開放；

Pursue a new round of high-level opening-up,

改善人民生活品質；

Further improve the quality of peoples lives,

統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展和安全；

Coordinate development and security,

加快國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化。

Speed up the modernization of national defense and the military.

全會強調，實現(xiàn)“十四五”規(guī)劃和二〇三五年遠景目標，必須堅持黨的全面領導。

The communique stresses that the overall leadership of the CPC must be upheld to realize the 14th Five-Year Plan and achieve the long-range objectives set for 2035.

要保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩(wěn)定，推進兩岸關系和平發(fā)展和祖國統(tǒng)一。

It also says that China is committed to maintaining lasting prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao as well as advancing the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations and national reunification.

要高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作、共贏旗幟，積極營造良好外部環(huán)境，推動構建新型國際關系和人類命運共同體。

China will hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit, and strive to create a favorable external environment and promote the building of a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for humanity, it adds.

10月30日，中共中央舉行新聞發(fā)布會，介紹黨的十九屆五中全會精神。關于全會精神、規(guī)劃《建議》和大家關心的問題，發(fā)布會釋放大量信息：

▌“十四五”時期將扎實推動共同富裕

規(guī)劃《建議》首次把全體人民共同富裕取得更為明顯的實質性進展作為遠景目標提出來：

人民生活更加美好，人的全面發(fā)展、全體人民共同富裕取得更為明顯的實質性進展。

People will lead a better life, and more notable and substantial progress will be achieved in promoting well-rounded human development and achieving common prosperity for everyone.

國家發(fā)展和改革委員會黨組成員、副主任，國家統(tǒng)計局黨組書記、局長寧吉喆說：

“十四五”時期將按照《建議》的要求，扎實推動共同富裕，堅持按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重，健全工資合理增長機制，著力提高低收入群體的收入，擴大中等收入群體；

完善按要素分配政策制度，增加中低收入群體的要素收入；

完善再分配機制，加大稅收、社保、轉移支付等調節(jié)力度和精準性；

發(fā)揮第三次分配的作用，發(fā)展慈善事業(yè)。

▌到2035年建成文化強國

五中全會對文化建設高度重視，從戰(zhàn)略和全局上作了規(guī)劃和設計。其中，最重要的，就是明確提出到2035年建成文化強國。

這是黨的十七屆六中全會提出建設社會主義文化強國（build China into a country with a strong socialist culture）以來，黨中央首次明確了建成文化強國的具體時間表。

▌雙循環(huán)新發(fā)展格局是長期戰(zhàn)略，不是權宜之計

中央財經委員會辦公室分管日常工作的副主任韓文秀說，提出構建以國內大循環(huán)為主體、國內國際雙循環(huán)相促進的新發(fā)展格局，是我們黨對經濟發(fā)展客觀規(guī)律的正確把握和實踐運用。這是主動作為，不是被動應對，是長期戰(zhàn)略，不是權宜之計。

For the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China will speed up fostering a new development pattern where domestic and foreign markets can boost each other, with the domestic market as the mainstay.

當前經濟全球化遭遇逆流，單邊主義、保護主義上升，新冠肺炎疫情帶來廣泛而深遠的影響，傳統(tǒng)的國際經濟循環(huán)明顯弱化，甚至是受阻。在這種情況下，強化國內經濟大循環(huán)，有利于增強經濟發(fā)展的韌性，也有利于帶動國際經濟循環(huán)，實現(xiàn)國內循環(huán)和國際循環(huán)相互促進。

新發(fā)展格局強調的是國內國際雙循環(huán)，不是國內經濟的單循環(huán)。國內循環(huán)也是建立在國內統(tǒng)一大市場基礎上的大循環(huán)，不是每個地方都搞自我小循環(huán)。

Chinas new development paradigm emphasizes both domestic and international circulations, rather than a closed internal loop, Han Wenxiu, deputy head of the office of the Central Commission for Financial and Economic Affairs said, on Friday.

According to Han, deep engagement in international circulation is an integral part of this new paradigm.

▌到2035年建成文化強國

如何學習貫徹《習近平談治國理政》第三卷和習近平來湘考察重要講話精神？善于學習、敢于創(chuàng)新的湖南廣電給出了一個有特色的回答。

"As the two largest economies in the world, the economic ties between China and the United States are determined by the complementary of their economic structures and the openness of the global economy," Han said.

A complete decoupling between the two countries is unrealistic and will not benefit either nation as well as the world, said Han.

China will promote high-level opening-up to provide more opportunities for the rest of the world, Han told reporters.

▌10萬億的大項目你參與了多少？

全會強調，實現(xiàn)“十四五”規(guī)劃和二〇三五年遠景目標，必須堅持黨的全面領導。

The average annual per capita disposable income of Chinese residents increased by 6.5% from 2016 to 2019;

Chinas Engels coefficient dropped from 30.6% in 2015 to 28.2% in 2019;

Online retail sales reached 10.6 trillion yuan in 2019.

▌到2035年建成文化強國

科學技術部黨組書記、部長王志剛說，中國的科技創(chuàng)新從來都不是封閉式的創(chuàng)新，今后也不會關起門來自己搞創(chuàng)新。面向未來，中國擴大科技開放合作的步伐將會越邁越大。

一方面，我們要提高自主創(chuàng)新能力，辦好自己的事情，因為關鍵核心技術是要不來、買不來的。另一方面，我們也希望學習借鑒更多的國際先進經驗，同時向世界分享更多的中國科技成果，在應對全球性挑戰(zhàn)中，貢獻更多的“中國智慧”。

Talking about technological innovation, the Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang told reporters that China has not and will never close its doors.

China is willing to hold international dialogues on sci-tech innovation with other countries. The country will focus on climate change, energy resources, and public health and other global issues, strengthening intellectual property protection and providing better conditions for overseas talent.

▌十四五規(guī)劃建議起草5個原則

中央財經委員會辦公室副主任韓文秀介紹，規(guī)劃《建議》的起草主要把握了五條原則：

①是處理好繼承和創(chuàng)新的關系，做好“兩個一百年”奮斗目標有機銜接。

②是處理好政府和市場的關系，更好發(fā)揮我國制度優(yōu)勢。

③是處理好開放和自主的關系，更好統(tǒng)籌國內國際兩個大局。

④是處理好發(fā)展和安全的關系，確保不發(fā)生影響現(xiàn)代化進程的系統(tǒng)性風險。

⑤是處理好戰(zhàn)略和戰(zhàn)術的關系，做到既高瞻遠矚又務實管用。

The drafting of proposals for Chinas development in the next 15 years has mainly upheld five principles.

Drawing-up of the proposals for the formulation of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 has balanced the relationship between past achievements and innovation and managed to secure a smooth connection of the two centenary goals, said Han.

The drafting has also balanced the relationship between government and market, opening-up and self-reliance, development and security, as well as strategy and tactics, according to Han.

監(jiān)制/任帥

主編/黎晶

編輯/湯雅雯 張婷婷

來源/新華網(wǎng) 中國日報 CGTN