311名兒童,被定期毆打、電擊、下藥……用來測試兒童到底能禁受多嚴重的折磨才會患上“精神病”?
這不是科幻電影,也不是恐懼小說,而是發(fā)作在20世紀60年代初的丹麥的活生生的理想,是美國中央情報局(CIA)贊助的泯滅人性的人體實驗。
A Danish radio documentary series, The Search for Myself, did not hold back in levelling claims against the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that it had financially aided experiments on 311 Danish children in the early 1960s. A good number of them were orphans or adopted.
丹麥播送系列紀錄片《尋覓自我》毫不掩飾對美國中央情報局(CIA)的指控,稱CIA在20世紀60年代初涉嫌贊助了311名丹麥兒童進行實驗。他們中有不少是孤兒或被收養(yǎng)的。
One such victim was the documentary maker Per Wennick, who claims that he was subjected to tests with no knowledge of their background in the basement of the Municipal Hospital in Copenhagen.
紀錄片制造人佩爾·溫尼克(Per Wennick)就是這樣一位受害者,他宣稱本人在哥本哈根市立醫(yī)院的公開室里承受了對其背景毫不知情的測試。
佩爾·溫尼克在哥本哈根的一座孤兒院長大。1960年,幾個生疏人的到來,徹底突破了他的寧靜生活。
He was promised something exciting at the Municipal Hospital. For the pleasure of it all, he would also get 16 kroner.
他被許愿去市立醫(yī)院做點好玩的事情,更讓他興奮的是,他還會得到16克朗作為報酬。
溫尼克和他的小同伴們很快就容許了,他們怎樣可能想到,將來在市立醫(yī)院的每一天,都會面對無盡的折磨。
他們被強行綁在電椅上,只能聽噪音、尖叫以及各種令人不適的詞語干擾。他們痛苦地掙扎著,但四周的大人們完整忽視,只顧記載各種實驗反響。
He sat in a chair, had headphones placed upon him, and was subjected to statements, screams and noises designed to frighten.
他坐在椅子上,頭上戴著耳機,耳機里放著恫嚇他的話語、尖叫和噪音。
Electrodes were placed upon his body, his heart rate, body temperature and sweat level were measured.
電極被放置在他的身體上,他的心率、體溫和汗液程度被丈量記載。
這樣的實驗,給溫尼克的終身形成了難以愈合的創(chuàng)傷。他開端呈現(xiàn)經(jīng)常性的失憶,對聲音也極端敏感,哪怕再細微的聲音也會讓他遭到驚嚇。
In 1974, he participated in what he thought was the last trial but received no answer on what sort of research was being conducted.
1974年,他參與了他以為是最后一次的實驗,但沒有人答復(fù)他正在進行什么樣的研討。
A decade later, seeking treatment for a skin condition in hospital, he discovered that he was the subject of interest to psychologists each and every time he used the health system. He reflected: I think that this is a violation of my human rights as a citizen of this society.
十年后,他去醫(yī)院治療皮膚病,發(fā)現(xiàn)每次運用醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)時,他都是心理學(xué)家感興味的對象。他深思道:“我以為這進犯了我作為這個社會公民的人權(quán)?!?/span>
2018年,年近70歲的溫尼克決議找出這個實驗的真相。原來,這些實驗是美國的“MK Ultra”(大腦控制實驗)方案
These were supposedly designed to investigate links between heredity and environmental factors in engendering schizophrenia, work inspired by the psychologist Sarnoff A. Mednick.
據(jù)稱,這些測試是遭到心理學(xué)家薩諾夫·A·梅德尼克的啟示,旨在調(diào)查遺傳和環(huán)境要素在產(chǎn)生精神團結(jié)癥方面的聯(lián)絡(luò)。
Of particular interest in the experiment in question were the children of schizophrenic mothers. Of the 311 children in question, 207 had such mothers, while the rest, who constituted the control group, did not. Wennick was of the latter group.
在該實驗中,由患有精神團結(jié)癥的母親生下的孩子特別遭到關(guān)注。在311名兒童中,有207人的母親患有精神團結(jié)癥,其他的人則沒有,他們構(gòu)成了對照組。溫尼克屬于后者。
事實上,溫尼克講述的“噪聲刺激實驗”,只是“MK Ultra”方案的冰山一角。
據(jù)丹麥方面披露的實驗記載顯現(xiàn),還有兒童被強迫答復(fù) 帶有暴力、血腥傾向的“心理問卷”。該問卷最初是被用來排查美軍內(nèi)部能否有納粹主義傾向的兵士。
更令人憤恨的是,這樣泯滅人性的實驗,居然還得到了很多 美國醫(yī)療機構(gòu)和基金會的贊助,僅第一年就取得了大約30萬至40萬克朗的資金支持。
An important source of funding for the Municipal Hospital project, supplied under the auspices of U.S. health care, was the Human Ecology Fund, a CIA front overseen by Cornell University Medical School neurologist Harold Wolff.
在美國衛(wèi)生保健的支持下,市立醫(yī)院項目的一個重要資金來源是人類生態(tài)基金,這是由康奈爾大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院神經(jīng)學(xué)家哈羅德·沃爾夫指導(dǎo)下的的中情局前沿研討。
The Fund, which supplied the Danish program some $21,000, proved a vital source for underwriting research projects to better inform the agency about the use of torture and interrogation techniques.
該基金為丹麥項目提供了約21000美圓,是該研討項目的重要資金來源,以更好地向該機構(gòu)通報酷刑和審問技術(shù)的運用狀況。
最終,溫尼克依據(jù)調(diào)查走訪的資料,在2021年推出紀錄片《尋覓自我》,為曾禁受盡災(zāi)難的丹麥兒童呼吁!
但是,由于中情局中止了方案并銷毀了與方案相關(guān)的絕大局部原始文件,誰都無法肯定,當年到底有幾孩子遭到了非人的折磨,以至失去生命?
The program Wennick participated in was almost certainly a violation of the Nuremberg Code of 1947, which stipulates that: The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential.
簡直能夠肯定,溫尼克參與的項目違背了1947年的紐倫堡法典,該法典規(guī)則:“受試者的自愿同意是絕對必要的?!?/span>
Consent can only be ethically obtained where the person has the legal capacity to do so, has exercise of free power of choice, and has sufficient knowledge and comprehension of the elements of the subject matter involved as to enable them to make an understanding and enlightened decision.
只要在當事人具有法律行為才能,可以行使自在選擇權(quán),并且 "充沛理解和了解所觸及的主題事項的要素,從而可以做出了解和明智的決議 "的狀況下,才干從倫理上取得同意。
不曉得大家能否還記得之前寫的德特里克堡,缺課的同窗請戳: 熱搜爆了!外交部點名,美國病毒基地演出生化危機真人版?新冠源頭竟是它?
到底還有幾研討所,打著科學(xué)研討的旗幟,作著喪盡人倫道德的實驗?
For decades, unethical and illegal experiments have been conducted by US authorities upon unsuspecting citizens.
幾十年來,美國當局在不知情的公民身上進行了不道德和非法的實驗。
In 1932, the Tuskegee Institute, working with the U.S. Public Health Service, commenced work on the natural history of syphilis that would do much to foster perennial suspicion of public health authorities and their ignoble intentions.
1932年,塔斯基吉研討所與美國公共衛(wèi)生效勞局協(xié)作,開端研討梅毒的自然史,這將極大地引發(fā)人們對公共衛(wèi)生當局及其卑劣企圖的長期疑心。
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male began with 600 Black men, 399 with syphilis, 201 without.
塔斯基吉研討所對黑人男性未經(jīng)治療的梅毒進行了研討,研討對象為600名黑人男性,其中399人患有梅毒,201人沒有。
Informed consent was not sought, the men being told that they were being treated for “bad blood”. Incentives were offered to the participants: free meals, burial insurance, gratis medical exams.
沒有征求知情同意,這些人只是被告知他們是由于“血液不良”而承受治療,他們還能得到免費用餐、 喪葬保險、免費體檢等獎勵。
Wishing to be a true international citizen in such matters, the U.S. imperium proceeded to expand such experiments beyond its shores.
為了能讓實驗結(jié)果更有壓服力和多樣性,美國開端將這些實驗擴展到海外。
In 1946, the U.S. Government was involved in medical trials affecting at least 5,128 unconsenting and uninformed Guatemalans, including children, orphans, child and adult prostitutes, leprosy patients, prisoners, soldiers, mental patients and Guatemalan Indians.
1946年,美國政府參與了影響至少5128名不知情的危地馬拉人的醫(yī)學(xué)實驗,其中包括兒童、孤兒、兒童和成年妓女、麻風(fēng)病患者、囚犯、兵士、精神病人和危地馬拉印第安人。
A subsequent report on the experiments by the Guatemalan Government, To Agree to the Harm: Medical Experiments by the United States in Guatemala found that such acts constituted “a crime against humanity”.
隨后一份關(guān)于危地馬拉政府實驗的報告《同意傷害:美國在危地馬拉的醫(yī)學(xué)實驗》以為,這種行為構(gòu)成了“反人類罪”。
MK Ultra方案的相關(guān)人員終身沒有遭到任何懲罰。當這項丑聞被揭露,中情局立刻下令銷毀相關(guān)文件,在這項方案中終究有幾受害者,已然無從確認。
罪惡無處遁形,理想永遠比電影更黑暗。罪證能夠銷毀,但帶來的傷害永遠無法挽回。 溫尼克們還在呼救,他們在等一個抱歉!
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